WATER REGIME OF SOIL UNDER DRIP IRRIGATION OF COTTON IN THE LOWE VOLGA REGION
Abstract
The article presents the results of the research of 4 drip irrigation regimes with the maintenance of the Soil Pre-Irrigation Moisture (SPIM) 65–65–60, 70–70–65, 75–75–70 and 80–80–75 % of Full Moisture Capacity (FMC) in the Lower Volga region, which, in combination with the introduction of mineral fertilizers with the doses of N140P60K45 kg / ha allowed to obtain an average yield of raw cotton 3.06 ... 4.51 t / ha. The highest yield of raw cotton of 4.51 t / ha was obtained while maintaining SPIM 75–75–70 % FMC. Analysis of the water regime of the soil showed that in the structure of the Total water consumption, irrigation water was 43.3 ... 51.9, moisture input from rainfall – 27.1 ... 28.5 and from the soil – 21.3 ... 28.2 %. On the control plot, with furrow irrigation with SPIM 75–75–70 % FMC the amount of moisture in the soil decreased to an average of 3.5 %, moisture input from rain – to 17.0 %, while the irrigation water increased to 79.5 %. At the same time, the value of Total water consumption, in comparison with drip irrigation, increased by 154.3 mm / ha or by 62.2 %, and the value of the Volume of irrigation water – by 198.5 mm/ha or by 2.6 times. As a result, with furrow irrigation it was obtained the yield of 3.08 t / ha, which was on 1.37 t / ha or 30.8 % less than with drip irrigation.
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