PROSPECTS FOR EVALUATING THE IN VITRO BIOAVAILABILITY OF PROTECTED VITAMIN A IN BIORELEVANT MEDIA OF FARM ANIMALS
Abstract
Bioavailability is one of the most important indicators in assessing the absorption of vitamins by a living organism. Bioavailability is the assessment of the amount of nutrients absorbed from food/feed products through the gastrointestinal tract of an organism. Vitamin A is said to be bioavailable when it is converted to retinol and retinoic acid; absorbed by the intestinal epithelium. This study followed a new approach as an addendum to the conventional in vitro digestion models using microencapsulation to look into parameters that affect the bioavailability of vitamin A using in vitro models of pigs and cattle; to evaluate the bioavailability of a protected vitamin A in biorelevant environments of the gastrointestinal tract of farm animals. Encapsulated samples of vitamin A (retinol acetate) were obtained from Arnika LLC (Vladivostok, Russia) at different concentrations and divided into six groups. Parameters affecting the release of vitamin A from the microcapsules were evaluated through a spectrophotometric method by measuring the optical density of the biorelevant medium at a wavelength of 850 nm in an RTS-1 bioreactor. The result showed that the solubility kinetics of microencapsulated vitamin A samples varied with time and depended on the biorelevant media of pigs and cattle. It was also observed that the simulated gastrointestinal fluid (GIF) media at the intestinal stage showed solubility of microencapsulated vitamin A. Thus, it can be concluded that the components of the microcapsule shell are most soluble in the biorelevant environment of the intestine. It is also clear that microencapsulation technology can increase vitamin A bioavailability. Our findings unequivocally demonstrated that to enhance the bioavailability of vitamins; there is a need to incorporate modern technologies like microencapsulation for better delivery of the vitamins and other macromolecules.
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